Many health systems struggle to ensure that available resources translate into optimal health outcomes. Traditional financing arrangements often allocate funds based on historical budgets rather than performance, population needs, or service quality.

As Nigeria continues to strengthen health insurance schemes, primary healthcare financing mechanisms, and broader health financing reforms, there is a growing need to understand how purchasing decisions influence efficiency, accountability, and service delivery performance.

Evidence on strategic purchasing can help policymakers design financing systems that incentivise better performance and improve value for money.